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Eczema: The Itchy
Offender
By Laura Friederich
The tickle of an itch, as light and invisible as the wind, comes with
unmatched superior and overpowering strength. There really is
nothing like scratching that itch; clichés are based of the
realization of the importance of getting that hard to reach place – “If
you scratch my back, I’ll scratch yours.”
Imagine an incurable itch – one that rarely leaves and always
returns. This cringe-causing scenario is a reality for 6% of all
Americans. And 10% of Americans are estimated as affected by the
15 million people in the U.S. that suffer from the skin condition known
as eczema.
What is Eczema?
In its most severe and chronic form, eczema is known as atopic
dermatitis. Causing itchy, inflamed skin, this condition is often
identified in early childhood or even infancy. Inflammation and
irritation usually occur behind the knees and elbows, but flare-ups can
occur all over the body. Erin Reynolds, a 21-year-old college
student who has suffered from eczema her entire life, says she usually
experiences flare-ups on her hands and arms.
Eczema is not contagious, but is passed down genetically. A child
with one parent suffering from an atopic disease has a one in four
chance of having the disease as well. Those suffering from eczema
usually experience dry, cracked skin, or flare-ups of small, inflamed
bumps on the skin.
Other conditions that eczema-sufferers have a lifelong tendency to have
according to the National Eczema Association include:
- Dry skin – easily irritated
- Occupational skin disease – hand dermatitis
- Skin infections – staph and cold sore herpes
- Eye problems – eyelid dermatitis, cataracts
- Disruption of family and social relationships
- Work loss
What causes a flare-up?
The key to controlling eczema is to control and avoid flare-ups.
Thus it is extremely important to know what causes them. Even if
you do not suffer from eczema, you may know someone who does, and being
aware of things you can do to help prevent another’s discomfort is
entirely necessary.
Erin Reynolds commented on her living environment and the importance of
those around her:
“I am very thankful to live where I do and with the roommates I
have. None of them are smokers (my flare-ups are easily triggered
by the irritation of smoke), and they’re really encouraging and helpful
when it comes to treatment. A lot of the time, I don’t want to go
to the effort to apply the cortisone treatment, but my friends
constantly remind me of how much it aids in my comfort level.”
As Erin mentioned, there are many trigger factors that set off eczema
and prompt skin irritation. Many of these factors include:
- Dry skin
- Irritants
- Emotional
Stress
- Tobacco and smoke
- Heat
- Sweating
- Chemicals
- Astringents
- Some soaps and scents
- Infections
How can eczema be treated?
While prevention of flare-ups is the best method for eczema treatment,
it is indeed hard to control surrounding factors and the inevitability
of flare-ups. Bathing and wet compresses can often be used to
control the itch and cortisone creams are often used to suppress
itching (though cortisone shots are unhealthy when used frequently for
an extended period of time). UV light and sunlamps are also
employed by physicians to treat this skin condition, along with tar
baths, antihistamines, and antibiotics. The National Eczema
Association offers a list of treatment and prevention options:
Establish a skin care routine. Following the physician’s instructions
is crucial for keeping AD under control. This takes a lot of time and
effort. Some sufferers may resent the effort or even deny that their
skin needs special care. Resentment and denial are natural reactions to
any disease. Failure to overcome these reactions, however, can lead to
additional behavior that is harmful to the skin, such as wearing
fabrics that irritate the skin or missing skin treatments.
Establish a schedule and a regular daily routine. Include skin care
along with all other activities of daily living such as brushing and
flossing teeth or washing dinner dishes. It is important to maintain a
flexible attitude, so that when the dermatitis flares and extra skin
care is needed, it can be worked into the routine. Look for skin care
products that have natural ingredients that promote healing.
Recognize stressful situations and events. To cope with the stress in
your life, you must first notice when and how often stressful
situations arise. These include day-to-day hassles as well as major
events such as a job change, money problems, legal difficulties, family
illness, etc. Ask yourself, "How do I react to stress? How does my body
feel when I am stressed?"
Learn stress management techniques. Certain approaches to reducing
stress can be done on your own, such as setting priorities and
organizing your time. Some activities that may reduce stress are
regular aerobic exercise, hobbies, and meditation. Other approaches may
require expert assistance such as a brief consultation with a
psychologist.
Be aware of scratching. Keep a record in a diary or calendar of times
and situations when scratching is worst, and then try to limit your
exposure to such situations. Many people with AD scratch the most
during idle times. Engaging in a structured activity with other people
or keeping busy with activities that involve the use of your hands may
help prevent scratching.
Control your environment. Avoid irritants and allergens. Avoid low
humidity. Wear cotton clothing. Wash clothes in non-toxic detergents.
Use natural soaps and detergents rather than those with harsh
chemicals. Guard against infection. Moisturize.
For more information about eczema contact:
National Eczema Association
for Science and Education
4460 Redwood Hwy., Ste. 16-D
San Rafael, CA 94903-1953
415.499.3474 / 800.818.7546
Fax: 415.472.5345
http://www.nationaleczema.org
info@nationaleczema.org
References
(August 1, 2005). National Eczema Association. Retrieved July 31, 2005,
from http://www.nationaleczema.org
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